The Condition of the Working Class in England is Engels's political economy work. By analyzing the living conditions of the industrial proletariat, agricultural proletariat, child laborers and other groups, the book reveals the nature of exploitation of the working class under the capitalist system and demonstrates the inevitability of the struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie. The book uses the method of historical materialism to systematically elaborate on the decisive role of material production in social development for the first time. It was evaluated by Lenin as "a very severe indictment of capitalism and the bourgeoisie" and "the best description of the situation of the modern proletariat". It marked the formation of Engels's scientific worldview and provided a theoretical weapon for the international workers' movement.
