Xunzi (about 313 BC - 238 BC), whose surname was Kuang and whose courtesy name was Qing, was a native of Zhao State at the end of the Warring States Period and a master of Confucianism. His thoughts are based on the "theory of evil nature", advocating the transformation of human nature through etiquette and law, emphasizing "changing nature to make it false" and "controlling destiny and using it". He is the author of thirty-two chapters of "Xunzi" and is the first of his kind to write Confucian works. Among them, "Encouragement to Learning" and "Treatise on Heaven" have far-reaching influence. As the last master of Jixia Academy, he trained disciples such as Li Si and Han Fei. His thoughts on the combination of etiquette and law became the theoretical basis for the construction of the Qin and Han imperial systems and had a profound impact on Chinese political culture for two thousand years.
