From the end of the Warring States Period to the unification of the Qin Dynasty, private merchants, caught between the policy of "emphasis on agriculture and suppression of commerce" and the "unification of business opportunities", grew from small traders in the streets of Wei to wealthy merchants connecting Guanzhong and Bashu. In the process of adapting to Qin law and integrating cross-regional trade networks, they understood that "merchants are not only profit-seekers, but also links to connect products and promote people's livelihood", and completed the growth and transformation from "seeking profits for survival" to "supporting the country with business".
