Under the dual background of the Yuan Dynasty's "expulsion system" and "encouragement policy", the survivors of the Southern Song Dynasty grew from "export slaves" (slaves) who lost their freedom to "farming chiefs" who led farmers of all ethnic groups to reclaim wasteland. Amidst ethnic barriers and survival pressure, they understood that "farming is not only a means of subsistence, but also the foundation for breaking free from shackles and winning dignity", and completed the growth and transformation from "being driven by others" to "independent cultivators".
