In the late Northern Song Dynasty, the institutions were bloated and inefficient. Zhao officials implemented the policy of "differentiating powers," which led to the overlapping of bureaucracies and a surge in the number of officials (i. E., "Redundant officials").
The rights and responsibilities of many positions are unclear, mutually constrained, the work process is cumbersome, buck-passing is common, and administrative efficiency is extremely low.
In the Song Dynasty, there were fierce party disputes and serious internal strife.
With Wang Anshi's reform as the dividing line, the court has long been divided into "reformers" and "conservatives". The two factions fought repeatedly over policies, and even evolved into a pure struggle for power.
In party disputes, officials often put their factional positions first instead of national interests, which results in policy changes happening day and night, making it difficult to continue to implement effective reforms.
Corruption flourishes and greed becomes commonplace.
Although official salaries are high, there are still many people who make money by falsely reporting expenses, withholding salaries, and misappropriating private property.
Bribery also exists in the process of imperial examinations and promotions. Some officials only care about business and have no interest in government affairs.
Emphasis on culture and restraint on military affairs, and neglect of military affairs.
The status of civilian officials is much higher than that of military generals. Many important military positions are held by civilian officials who do not understand military affairs. Military generals are hampered by many constraints and find it difficult to display their talents.
The army's organization was chaotic, its training was lax, and its combat effectiveness was low, laying hidden dangers for the subsequent invasion of the Jin Army.
Follow the old ways and lack responsibility.
After a long period of stability, the officialdom has formed a conservative atmosphere. Most officials are content with the status quo, fearful of change, and have little regard for the country.
