Transmigrated After Becoming a Princess tells the story of Zi Min, a modern preschool teacher who unexpectedly transmigrates into Zi Yan and has a series of extraordinary adventures in the Qing imperial court.
After transmigrating, Zi Min saves the Qianlong Emperor. On her way back to the palace, she meets Xiao Yichen, a handsome young man in white from a scholarly family in Jiangnan. When the group is attacked by assassins, Xiao Yichen happens to pass by and drives them off with his superb swordsmanship. His eyes meet Zi Yan's, and their fates become intertwined. Back at the palace, Qianlong takes a liking to Xiao Yichen for saving him and appoints him as a tutor in literature to the princes. As he and Zi Yan work together to educate them, they see each other often, and their feelings gradually blossom.
But palace intrigue is relentless. The remnants of Consort Xin's faction and other forces jealous of Zi Yan's favor frame her for colluding with people outside the palace, plunging her into a crisis of trust. Xiao Yichen believes in her innocence. Together with Yongqi, Erkang, and others, he investigates the truth and helps clear her name. Meanwhile, Zi Yan's education reforms threaten the interests of traditionalists, who unite against her. Xiao Yichen gives her his full support, and the two find various ways to win more people to their side.
In matters of the heart, Xiao Yichen's family opposes his relationship with Zi Yan, leaving him torn. Meanwhile, people in the palace stir up misunderstandings, making Zi Yan believe that Xiao Yichen is involved with another woman. In the end, however, Xiao Yichen clears up the misunderstanding, and their feelings grow stronger. Their love deepens further after they endure life-and-death trials, including a fire. Through palace intrigue, Zi Yan transforms from a carefree, optimistic girl into a composed and wise woman, while Xiao Yichen grows from a simple scholar into a mature man capable of navigating the imperial court.