This book contains some representative original documents with the theme of value judgment in the process of economic development, reflecting the author's in-depth thinking on the economic development issues in ethnic minority areas based on field surveys and constraints on economic development in ethnic minority areas. The author's measures such as coordinating the interest relationships in the process of economic development, striving for the connection between national education and economic development, establishing an interest compensation mechanism for "ecological sources" from economic development, and promoting two-way economic development in the western border areas have been verified in my country's development practice. The proposed concepts of two-way opening up and ecological compensation have become the consensus of academic and political circles.