"Chinese Cultivation" is Cai Yuanpei's representative work on moral cultivation. It not only inherits the Chinese tradition of self-cultivation, but also combines Western educational concepts. It is a century-old classic book on moral practice. It mainly includes his most important representative works of moral thought, "Textbook of Self-cultivation in Middle School" and "Lecture Notes of Chinese Workers' School", as well as Cai Yuanpei's other scattered articles on moral cultivation, which reflects Cai Yuanpei's overall conception and deep concern for the moral literacy that modern Chinese people should have.