In view of the safety of the dam project itself and the impact of the project failure on downstream life, environment, property and other aspects, people have increasingly higher requirements for the safety and reliability of water conservancy projects that have been built and are under construction. It will be easier to accept the concept of converting "project safety" into "project risk", supplemented by the concept of "taking moderate risks". This book systematically introduces the safety risks of dams and the determination of flood control standards for protection objects in downstream areas. The main contents include: summarizing the current status of reservoir safety in my country and research results in related fields, comparing domestic and foreign dam safety risk evaluation methods, and clarifying the development direction of dam safety management; defining dam safety risks, and introducing the current quantitative analysis methods of dam safety risks; analyzing common damage forms, damage causes, and damage mechanisms of dams, and focusing on enumerating factors that have a key role in dam safety. Sub; established a mathematical model to quantitatively calculate the risk of dam overtopping by fault tree and reliability method, and conducted example calculations; mainly studied the change rules of flood control standards of downstream protection objects caused by the adjustment of upstream reservoirs (groups); combined with the expression of flood control safety accidents in cascade reservoir systems, studied the flood control safety risk assessment method of cascade reservoir systems, and proposed methods to effectively coordinate cascade reservoirs to improve reservoir flood control standards or flood control capabilities.