This book systematically introduces the basic knowledge, basic theories and basic methods of hydrology and water resources. The book is divided into ten chapters, Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Water Cycle and Its Links; Chapter 3 Hydrological Statistical Methods; Chapter 4 Rivers; Chapter 5 Lakes, Swamps and Glaciers; Chapter 6 Groundwater; Chapter 7 Oceans; Chapter 8 Introduction to Water Resources; Chapter 9 Water Resources Evaluation and Management; Chapter 10 Hydrological Effects of Human Activities. This book can be used as a textbook for undergraduates and junior college students in geographical sciences and related majors in colleges and universities across the country. It can also be used as a reference for teachers, undergraduates, graduate students and scientific and technological personnel in water conservation, water conservancy, civil engineering, environment and safety, geology and other related majors.