Evolution, Convergence and Comparison: a Study of National Identity and Regional Culture in the Late Northern Dynasties

The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were a historical period of great social turmoil, frequent wars, and constant migration of people of all ethnic groups. During the process of continuous migration of people of all ethnic groups, the Hu and Han cultures came into contact with, collided with, and influenced each other. After evolution and convergence, a new Han culture with Confucianism as the core was finally formed in the late Northern Dynasties. However, in the process of this cultural integration, due to the emergence of two hostile regimes, the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi and the Western Wei and Northern Zhou, in the agricultural and animal husbandry areas of northern China in the late Northern Dynasties, which ruled Shandong and Guanlong respectively. Due to different histories, cultural environments, and natural environments, as well as the different numbers of Hu people entering each region and their different cultural levels, there must be many differences in the new Han culture that was eventually formed in these two regions.