This book starts with an analysis of the causes and basic characteristics of the Soviet model. Based on a brief evaluation of the historical status of the Soviet model, this book elaborates on New China's learning and imitation of the Soviet model. It discusses China's inheritance and adjustment of the Soviet model in the process of socialist construction, focusing on the inheritance and transcendence of the Soviet model by the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics since the reform and opening up, and makes a preliminary comparison as a whole.