This book is a compilation of academic lectures on "Order and History" given by the Political Thought Research Center of Peking University. This book is the second volume and consists of 8 speeches. This book takes political theology in a broad sense as its theme and examines the occurrence and development of political order from the perspectives of religion and ideology. It contains information on major religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, as well as the traditional Chinese ideological resources derived from Laozi.