This book analyzes, summarizes and sorts out the strategic moves of the major powers in modern times when their power and status changed. Their impact on the fate of the country mainly includes: Germany from the time of unification to before World War I, Japan, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States after the end of World War II. They have different aspects of historical experience in national strategic choices due to interactions caused by changes in power status and the evolution of the international landscape. Some focus on using alliances and cooperation to expand the freedom of strategic space, while others focus on using experience, leading to direct confrontation. We cannot simply say that some strategies succeed and some fail. Instead, we should reflect their impact on different countries from the inherent connections between strategic initiatives. This book also focuses on analyzing the enlightenment of other major powers' historical experiences on China through wanton attacks on their historical experiences. In terms of shaping the geopolitical environment, how to change strategic thinking based on national culture, how to learn from the successes and failures of major powers, and how to deal with the contradiction between security and peace in the new era.
