This book starts in 1909 and describes how the top-level reform plan of the late Qing Empire failed step by step after experiencing the constraints of the old bureaucracy and the entanglements of new social contradictions. Since the Westernization Movement, this reform aimed at saving the Qing Empire ultimately ended in failure. This book focuses on the history of the last three years of this reform, ranging from a small social incident to decades of changes in the political arena, national economy and people's livelihood. The role of historical research is to serve as a " general guide to governance." The author's research is a "problem-oriented" groundbreaking research, a targeted problem study, and a study with a large amount of historical data to support his judgment. The author attempts to use this book to answer the crux of the reform in the late Qing Dynasty a hundred years ago: how to die in blind advancement after decades of resisting reform.
