At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Chongzhen's ambitions and narrow-mindedness led to chaos in the government. The people of the Ming Dynasty imposed heavy taxes and heavy taxes. In addition, there were many internal and external troubles, and the land was uncultivated, resulting in a large number of refugees. The national army was poorly disciplined and competed with the people for food rations. In addition, famines occurred in successive years, and farmers lived in poverty. This led to massive peasant uprisings in various provinces and counties.
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