About This Novel
"Human Bonds" is Maugham's semi-autobiographical novel, published in 1915. Philip was born lame and lost his parents at an early age. His inferiority complex was deeply rooted in his life. He grew up under the care of his uncle, Rev. Carey, and his aunt, Louisa. His uncle was relatively cold to him, but his aunt took good care of him and gave him motherly warmth. Philip has been passionate about literature since he was a child, and found sustenance in his uncle's study. Despite his uncle's objections, he went to Heidelberg, Germany to study, where he met the Englishman Hayward and the American Weeks, and began to question theology. Afterwards, Philip went to London to become an accounting apprentice, but he was tired of the boring life and soon moved to Paris to study art, where he studied painting for two years. But he eventually realized that he had mediocre artistic qualifications and would not achieve anything. When news of his aunt's death came, Philip returned to England and decided to study medicine in London. In London...
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