About This Novel
In the first article, he defends the Marquis de Sade. Beauvoir starts from the privileged class's understanding of their situation, taking the old aristocracy as an example: the aristocrats defend their rights without considering the rationality of this right. Sade was born into a noble family, but he had the courage to take on his own uniqueness, violated the moral standards followed by the nobles, and used the most extreme method to demand his own pleasure as an absolute law. Although he failed in the end, his flamboyant behavior revealed that the egoism of the privileged class could only be wishful thinking and could not give itself legitimacy in the eyes of everyone. The second article "Merleau-Ponty and the Pseudo-Sartre Doctrine" is also written from the perspective of the privileged class. In the French environment of the 1950s and 1960s, some intellectuals stood on the side of the greatest interests, tried to confuse the general interests and the interests of the bourgeoisie, and had a debate with Sartre. Beauvoir defended Sartre and wrote this article.
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